> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://carbonze.gitbook.io/carbonze/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://carbonze.gitbook.io/carbonze/measure/3.9.-downstream-transportation-and-distribution.md).

# 3.9. Downstream Transportation and Distribution

Scope 3, Category 9. Downstream Transportation and Distribution 

This module involves calculating emissions related to transportation and distribution activities throughout the value chain, which can occur at various stages of product movement. These emissions can be categorized under different scopes depending on the nature of the activity and who controls the transportation and distribution process. 

## Categories and Scope Assignments: 

### **Scope 1 (Direct Emissions):** 

* **Transportation and distribution in vehicles owned or controlled by the reporting company.** 
  * **Example:** Company-owned delivery trucks or in-house transportation fleets. 
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** These are assigned to Scope 1 as direct emissions, reflecting the fuel combustion in the company's vehicles. 

### **Scope 2 (Indirect Emissions from Purchased Electricity):** 

* **Transportation and distribution in facilities owned or controlled by the reporting company but powered by purchased electricity.**
  * **Example:** Refrigerated warehouses where electricity is purchased to maintain cooling.
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** These emissions would fall under Scope 2, tied to the electricity consumption of these facilities.

### **Scope 3, Category 1 (Purchased Goods and Services):**

* **Upstream transportation and distribution of purchased products.**
  * **Example:** Moving goods from suppliers to the company.
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** If the transportation is managed by the supplier (Tier 1 or Tier 2), these emissions are included in Scope 3, Category 1 and don't need to be reported separately unless specific transportation emissions are also being calculated.

### **Scope 3, Category 2 (Capital Goods):**

* **Production and transportation of vehicles or other capital goods purchased by the company.**
  * **Example:** Purchasing new delivery trucks or machinery.
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** Emissions related to the production and delivery of these capital goods are assigned to Scope 3, Category 2.

### **Scope 3, Category 3 (Fuel- and Energy-Related Activities):**

* **Transportation of fuels and energy consumed by the reporting company.**
  * **Example:** The transportation of gasoline to fuel stations that supply the company's fleet.
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** These emissions would be categorized under Scope 3, Category 3.

### **Scope 3, Category 4 (Upstream Transportation and Distribution):**

* **Transportation and distribution of products purchased by the reporting company between suppliers.** 
  * **Example:** Transporting goods from the supplier's warehouse to the company's manufacturing plant. 
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** This is categorized under Scope 3, Category 4, focusing on the emissions from upstream transportation and distribution activities. 

### **Scope 3, Category 9 (Downstream Transportation and Distribution):** 

* **Transportation and distribution of products sold by the reporting company to the final customer.** 
  * **Example:** Delivering finished products from the company’s warehouse to retailers or directly to customers. 
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** These are categorized under Scope 3, Category 9. 

## Calculation Methods: 

* **Fuel-Based Method:** 
* **Distance-Based Method:** 
* **Spend-Based Method:** 
  * Used when financial data on transport and distribution costs is available. 
  * **Assignment on CarbonZE:** Enter the financial expenditure for each transportation activity, and CarbonZE will calculate the corresponding emissions using standard emission factors. 

This approach allows for a detailed and precise tracking of emissions from various transportation and distribution activities across the value chain, enabling companies to comprehensively manage and report their carbon footprint.